Procyclidine
Antiparkinsonism Preps · Anticholinergic
Indications
Parkinsonism, drug-induced extra-pyramidal symptoms (but not tardive dyskinesia).
Dosage
ORAL: Adults: Initially 2.5 mg three times daily after meals increasing at intervals of 2 or 3 days by 2.5-5 mg daily; usual max 30 mg daily. INJECTION: Acute dystonia: Adults: BY IM or IV inj, 5-10 mg (occasionally more than 10 mg), usually effective in 5-10 min but may need 30 min for relief. Children: Not recommended.
Adverse Effects
Mental confusion in high doses. Blurred vision, dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention.
Risk Factor (Pregnancy/Lactation)
Pregnancy: Risk cannot be ruled out. Lactation: Contraindicated or not recommended. Contraindications: Gl obstruction, urinary obstruction. Closed angle glaucoma. Precautions: Elderly. Prostatic hypertrophy, renal or hepatic impairment, tardive dyskinesia, psychiatric disorders, predisposition to glaucoma or GI obstruction. Cardiac disorders. Withdraw slowly.
Interactions
Phenothiazines, antihistamines and antidepressants. MAOIs, TCADs, amantadine, memantine, disopyramide, nefopam, ketoconazole, levodopa, cholinergic agents, domperidone, metoclopramide, paroxetine, antipsychotics.
Advice to Patient
Take after meals. Take at the same time each day. Contact prescriber if there is difficulty in breathing, unrelieved constipation, chest pain, palpitations, painful or difficult urination, loss of memory, nervousness, hallucinations, skin rash, increased muscle spasm, rigidity or if there is worsening of condition. Avoid alcohol during therapy. Do not take prescription medications, OTC sedatives or CNS depressants without consulting prescriber. Limit exercise activity, take sufficient amount of fluids to prevent heatstroke in hot weather. For nasal congestion or dry skin, consult prescriber for relief.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset: IV: 5-20 mins. Duration: IV: Up to 4 hrs. Absorption: Absorbed from the GI tract. Metabolism: Hepatic. Bioavailability: Oral: 75%. Half-life elimination: 12 hrs. Excretion: Urine (small amounts).
Unlicensed Use
Children: Dystonias: ORAL: 7-12 yr, 1.25 mg 3 times daily; 12-18 yr, 2.5 mg 3 times daily. Acute dystonia: INJECTION: IM or IV: Under 2 yr, 0.5-2 mg as a single dose; 2-10 yr, 2-5 mg as a single dose; 10-18 yr, 5-10 mg (occasionally more than 10 mg). Usually effective in 5-10 minutes but may need 30 minutes for relief.
Brands with this active ingredient
Compiled by Healify Pharmacy from published drug references. How we compile it →
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