Gliclazide

Hypoglycaemic excluding Insulin · Sulphonylurea

Indications

Maturity-onset diabetes. Type 2 diabetes.

Dosage

Maturity-onset diabetes: Adults: 40-80 mg daily increasing if necessary to max 320 mg daily. Doses above 160 mg should be taken in two divided doses. Type 2 diabetes: Adults: 30 to 120 mg depending on response, once daily with breakfast, including elderly or those with renal failure. Children: Not recommended.

Adverse Effects

Hypoglycaemia, GI disturbances including nausea, dyspepsia, diarrhoea and constipation. Skin reactions, hepatic failure, hepatitis, jaundice, blood dyscrasias.

Risk Factor (Pregnancy/Lactation)

Pregnancy: Contraindicated in pregnancy. Lactation: Caution advised or effect undetermined. Contraindications: Type I diabetes, diabetic ketoacidosis, pre-coma and coma, severe renal or hepatic insufficiency. Surgery, severe trauma, infections. Porphyria. Precautions: Children. Mild to moderate renal or hepatic impairment, obesity, G6PD deficiency, risk factors for hypoglycaemia ( incl malnourishment, severe vascular disease, adrenal or pituitary insufficiency, hypothyroidism).

Interactions

Miconazole, phenylbutazone, alcohol, insulin, acarbose, biguanides, beta-blockers, fluconazole, ACE inhibitors, H2 receptor antagonists, MAOIs, sulphonamides, NSAIDs, danazol, chlorpromazine, glucocorticoids, ritodrine, salbutamol, terbutaline, anticoagulants, salicylates, disopyramide, chloramphenicol, azole antifungal, quinolones, clarithromycin, cimetidine, corticosteroids, diuretics, phenothiazines, B2 agonists, tetracyclines, oral contraceptives, thyroid hormones, St John's wort.

Advice to Patient

Take with meals. Do not chew or crush tablets, swallow whole.

Pharmacokinetics

Duration: 10-24 hrs. Absorption: Readily absorbed from GI tract but may have wide inter- and intra-individual variability. Metabolism: Hepatic. Bioavailability: Low. Half-life elimination: 10-12 hrs. Time to peak, plasma: 4-6 hrs. Excretion: Urine (60%-70%). Faeces (10-20%).

Unlicensed Use

Children: Type 2 diabetes mellitus, maturity-onset diabetes: 12-18 yr, initially 20 mg once daily with breakfast, adjusted according to response, up to 160 mg as a single dose; max 160 mg twice daily.

Brands with this active ingredient

• DB-Zide
• Diabetron
• Diacon
• Diamicron
• Dianext Mr
• Diocid
• Fonyl
• Fymicron
• Getzid MR
• Glazid
• Gliclazide
• Glimin
• Glinext
• Glizid
• Nidonil

Compiled by Healify Pharmacy from published drug references. How we compile it →

Always consult a pharmacist or doctor.