Cycloserine

Antituberculosis Preps · Antimycobacterial

Indications

Adjunctive treatment in pulmonary or extrapulmonary tuberculosis.

Dosage

Adults: Initially 250 mg every 12 hr for 14 days, then administer 500 mg to 1 gm/day in 2 divided doses for 18-24 mth (max daily dose 1 gm). Children: 10-20 mg/kg/day in 2 divided doses up to 1000 mg/day for 18-24 mth.

Adverse Effects

Cardiac arrhythmias. Drowsiness, headache, dizziness, vertigo, seizures, confusion, psychosis, paresis, coma. Rash. Vitamin B12 deficiency. Folate deficiency. Liver enzymes increased. Tremor.

Risk Factor (Pregnancy/Lactation)

Pregnancy: Risk cannot be ruled out. Lactation: Caution advised or effect undetermined. Contraindications: Acute porphyria. Precautions: Epilepsy, depression, anxiety, renal insufficiency.

Interactions

INH, ethionamide, phenytoin, alcohol.

Advice to Patient

Take with or without meals. To prevent abdominal discomfort, take after meals. Contact prescriber if there is acute headache, tremors, skin rash, depression, confusion, nightmares, suicide thoughts, fluid retention, difficulty in breathing, swelling of ankles/hands/feet, unusual weight gain or if there is no improvement in condition until after 2-3 weeks. Avoid alcohol intake during therapy. Take sufficient amount of fluids (2-3 litres per day) to maintain hydration, unless restricted by the prescriber.

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption: Readily almost completely absorbed from the GI tract. Metabolism: About 35% of a dose appears to be metabolized to unidentified metabolites. Half-life elimination: 10 hrs. Prolonged in patients with renal impairment. Time to peak, plasma: 3-4 hrs. Excretion: Urine (mainly). Faeces (negligible amount).

Brands with this active ingredient

• Closip
• Cyclosen

Compiled by Healify Pharmacy from published drug references. How we compile it →

Always consult a pharmacist or doctor.