Cephazolin

Cephalosporin · Cephalosporin

Indications

Septicaemia; endocarditis; UTI, respiratory tract, skin and soft tissue infections. Cholecystitis.

Dosage

Adults: 500 mg-1 gm IM or IV 6-8 hourly. Children: Under 1 mth, not recommended; others, 25-50 mg/kg daily in three or four divided doses by IM or IV inj. Prophylaxis against bacterial endocarditis: Adults: 1 gm 30 min before procedure. Children: 25 mg/kg 30 min before procedure; max dose 1 gm. Bone and joint infections: Adults: IM/IV: 500-1000 mg every 6-8 hourly. Children: 25-50 mg/kg/day divided every 6-8 hourly doses. Max: 100 mg/kg/day. Septicaemia: IV: Adults: 1-1.5 gm every 6 hourly. Children: 100 mg/kg/day divided every 6-8 hourly doses. Cholecystitis, mild-to-moderate: Adults: 1-2 gm IV every 8 hrs for 4-7 days (provided source controlled).

Administration

IM: Inject deep IM into large muscle mass. IV: Inject direct IV over 5 min. Infuse intermittent infusion over 30-60 min. Compatibility: Stable in D5W, D5LR, D5¼ NS, D5½ NS, D5NS, D10W, LR, NS. Standard diluent: 1 g/50 mL D5W; 2 g/50 mL D5W. Y-site administration: Drug to Drug IV Compatibility: Acyclovir, amikacin, aztreonam, bumetanide, calcium gluconate, ceftriaxone, dexamethasone, diltiazem, enalapril, epinephrine, esmolol, fentanyl, fluconazole, furosemide, heparin, hydrocortisone, imipenem, insulin regular, linezolid, lorazepam, methylprednisolone, metoclopramide, metronidazole, midazolam, milrinone, morphine, nitroglycerin, nitroprusside, norepinephrine, ondansetron, phenylephrine, propofol, ranitidine, vasopressin, vecuronium. Drug to Drug IV Incompatibility: Amphotericin B cholesteryl sulphate complex, cisatracurium, diphenhydramine, dobutamine, dopamine, idarubicin,…

Adverse Effects

Pain at inj site, hypersensitivity reactions. Gl disturbances, convulsions, eosinophilia, neutropenia, leucopenia, rise in liver enzymes and blood urea. Positive Coomb's test.

Risk Factor (Pregnancy/Lactation)

Pregnancy: No evidence of risk in humans. Lactation: Caution advised or effect undetermined. Precautions: Hypersensitivity to beta-lactam antibiotics. In beta-haemolytic infections, continue therapy for at least ten days. Impaired renal function.

Interactions

Loop diuretics, probenecid, aminoglycosides.

Advice to Patient

This medication is to be administered by injection or infusion only. Contact prescriber if there is burning/swelling/redness/pain at injection or infusion site or if there is rash, hives, itching, difficulty in breathing or swallowing, chest pain, severe unrelieved diarrhoea, vaginal drainage or itching, mouth sores, blood/pus/mucus in stool or urine, easy bruising or bleeding, unusual chills or fever. Watery or bloody stools can occur 2 or more months after therapy and can be serious, requiring immediate treatment. Complete full course of therapy even if you feel better. Take sufficient amount of fluids (2-3 litres per day) to maintain hydration, unless restricted by the prescriber.

Pharmacokinetics

Half-life elimination: IM or IV: Neonates: 3-5 hrs; Adults: 1.8 hrs (IV); approx. 2 hrs (IM) (prolonged with renal impairment). Time to peak, serum: IM: 0.5-2 hrs. IV: Within 5 mins. Excretion: Urine.

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Compiled by Healify Pharmacy from published drug references. How we compile it →

Always consult a pharmacist or doctor.