Teicoplanin
Other Anti-infective Preps · Glycopeptide
Indications
Potentially serious Gram-positive infections. Serious staphylococcal infections in patients sensitive or unresponsive to penicillins and cephalosporins. CAPD related peritonitis, endocarditis, UTI, septicaemia, infections of skin and soft tissue, lower respiratory tract, joint and bone. Prophylaxis in orthopaedic surgery at risk of Gram-positive infections.
Dosage
Adults: Moderate infections: 400 mg IV or IM as a single dose on first day, then 200 mg IV or IM daily. Severe infections: 400 mg IV every 12 hr for three doses, then 400 mg IV or IM daily. Over 85 kg body weight, 3-6 mg/kg, see literature. Reduce dose from fourth day in renal insufficiency. Children: Neonates: 16 mg/kg body weight as a single dose by IV infusion over 30 min on first day, then 8 mg/kg body weight as single daily dose; over 2 mth: moderate infections, 10 mg/kg body weight by IV injection every 12 hr for first three doses, then 6 mg/kg by IV or IM injection as a single dose daily. Severe infections, 10 mg/kg by IV or IM injection as a single dose daily. Prophylaxis in orthopaedic surgery: Adults: 400 mg IV as a single dose at induction of anaesthesia.
Administration
It can be administered IV (bolus or infusion), IM or intraperitoneally in a single daily dose following one or more loading doses. Intermittent in dextrose 5% or Sodium chloride 0.9% or Compound sodium lactate.
Adverse Effects
Local reactions at injection site, thrombophlebitis, rash, fever, pruritus, pain, pyrexia, bronchospasm, anaphylaxis, rigour, angioedema, exfoliative dermatitis, erythema multiforme, GI upset, dizziness, vestibular disorders, mild hearing loss, tinnitus, headache. Blood dyscrasias. Increase in serum transaminases, alkaline phosphatase and creatinine, renal failure, superinfections.
Risk Factor (Pregnancy/Lactation)
Pregnancy: Risk cannot be ruled out. Lactation: Caution advised or effect undetermined. Precautions: Hypersensitivity to vancomycin. Perform regular haematological, liver renal and auditory tests; see literature.
Interactions
Aminoglycosides, cephaloridine, colistin, amphotericin B, cyclosporin, cisplatin, furosemide.
Advice to Patient
Inform prescriber if you are hypersensitive to vancomycin. Contact prescriber if there is no improvement or worsening of condition. Regular haematological, liver, renal and auditory tests may be required during treatment, get them done as recommended by the physician.
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption: Poorly absorbed from the GI tract. Rapidly and extensively absorbed from muscle and the peritoneal cavity. Metabolism: Minimal. Bioavailability: IM: 90%. Half-life elimination: Triphasic. 1st phase: 35 mins. 2nd phase: 10 hrs. Terminal phase: 87 hrs. Time to peak, plasma: IV: 1 hr. IM: 2-4 hrs. Excretion: Urine (as unchanged drug; 80%).
Brands with this active ingredient
Compiled by Healify Pharmacy from published drug references. How we compile it →
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