Stavudine
Antiviral, Systemic · Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor
Indications
Treatment of HIV-infected patients in appropriate antiretroviral regimen, including use in combination with other NRTIs, NNRTIs & Pls.
Dosage
Adults: >60 kg: 40 mg; >30 kg to <60 kg: 30 mg. All doses to be taken 12 hourly. Children: 0-13 days: 0.5 mg/kg. >14 days, <30 kg: 1 mg/kg. Max: 80 mg/day. All doses to be taken 12 hourly.
Adverse Effects
Peripheral neuropathy, AST & ALT elevations, infection, headache, chills, fever, asthaenia, abdominal pain, diarrhoea, nausea, vomiting, myalgia, rhinitis, cough, pharyngitis, skin irritation, rash, paraesthesia, pancreatitis, macrocytosis.
Risk Factor (Pregnancy/Lactation)
Pregnancy: Risk cannot be ruled out. Lactation: Contraindicated or not recommended. Contraindications: Hypersensitivity. Precautions: History of peripheral neuropathy or pancreatitis, renal impairment. Elderly. Liver disease. withdraw immediately if liver enzymes rise rapidly, patient has progressive hepatomegaly or symptomatic hyperlactataemia and metabolic acidosis. Risk of wt gain and raised blood lipids and glucose; monitor. Monitor for lipoatrophy. Severe immune deficiency and autoimmune disorders. Risk of osteonecrosis; monitor for signs of joint pain or immobility. Risk of mitochondrial dysfunction in children.
Interactions
Zidovudine, trimethoprim, doxorubicin, ribavirin, anti-hepatitis B or C therapy, hydroxyurea, didanosine.
Advice to Patient
Take with or without meals. Take precautions to prevent spread of infection. Mix powder into 4 oz of water, stir and drink immediately. Do not mix powder with fruit juice or other acid-containing liquids. Take sufficient amount of fluids (2-3 litres per day) to maintain hydration, unless restricted by the prescriber. Avoid highly crowded places to prevent infections. Do not get vaccinated without consulting prescriber.
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption: Oral: Rapid. Food delays absorption. Metabolism: Intracellular. Bioavailability: 86%. Half-life elimination: 1-1.5 hrs. Time to peak, plasma: 1 hr. Excretion: Urine (40%).
Brands with this active ingredient
Compiled by Healify Pharmacy from published drug references. How we compile it →
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