Salcatonin
Drugs affecting Bone Metabolism · Hormone: Anti-osteoclastic
Indications
Osteoporosis, bone pain associated with osteolysis and/or osteopenia. Paget's disease of bone. Hypercalcaemia crisis, chronic hypercalcaemia. Metastatic bone cancer pain. Post-menopausal osteoporosis. Neurodystrophic disorders (Sudeck's disease), acute pancreatitis.
Dosage
Adults: INJECTION: Adults: Paget's disease: Initially 100 IU daily, maintenance 50 IU by SC or IM Inj; max treatment period 6 mth. Hypercalcaemia crisis: 5-10 IU/kg body wt daily by slow IV infusion over at least 6 hr in 500 mL infusion saline. Chronic hypercalcaemia: 5-10 IU/kg body wt daily by SC or IM inj as single or two divided doses, max treatment period 3 mth. Metastatic bone cancer pain: 200 IU up to 4 times in 24 hr by SC or IM inj. Osteoporosis: 100 IU daily by SC or IM inj. Patients should also receive 600 mg elemental calcium and if necessary 400 units vit D daily. Adults: NASAL SPRAY: Post-menopausal Osteoporosis: 200 IU (1 spray) into one nostril daily, with dietary calcium and vit D supplements. Children: Not recommended.
Administration
IM route is preferred if volume exceeds 2 mL. Taking medication in the evening minimize the problems of flushing, nausea and vomiting. Stability: IM: Store under refrigeration at 2°C-6°C, stable for up to 2 weeks at room temperature.
Adverse Effects
Nausea, vomiting, flushing, tingling hands, unpleasant taste. Anaphylaxis.
Risk Factor (Pregnancy/Lactation)
Pregnancy: Risk cannot be ruled out. Lactation: Contraindicated or not recommended. Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to salcatonin. Precautions: Skin testing recommended in patients with suspected hypersensitivity to calcitonin; caution when driving or operating machinery. In children use for short periods. For nasal spray, regular monitoring of patients with chronic rhinitis. Impaired renal function. Monitor serum alkaline phosphatases and urinary hydroxyproline excretion levels; if rise after initial fall, modify treatment accordingly.
Interactions
Cardiac glycosides. Hypoglycaemics.
Advice to Patient
Follow directions for administration of injection and disposition of syringes or needles. To minimize warmth and flushing after administration, take medication in evening. Report nasal irritation if you are using nasal spray. Contact prescriber if there is muscle spasm/twitching, dark-coloured urine, skin rash, hives, difficulty in breathing, palpitations.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset: IV: Immediate. IM/SC: 15 mins. Absorption: SC: Rapid. Metabolism: Primarily in the kidneys. Also in the blood and peripheral tissues. Bioavailability: IM/SC: 70%. Intranasal: 3%. Half-life elimination: IM: 70-90 mins. Intranasal: 16-43 mins. SC: 87 mins. Time to peak, plasma: Intranasal: 30-40 mins. IM: 15-25 mins. SC: 23 mins. Excretion: Urine (95%).
Brands with this active ingredient
Compiled by Healify Pharmacy from published drug references. How we compile it →
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