Ranitidine
Antipeptic Ulcerant · H2 blocker
Indications
Treatment of duodenal, benign gastric and post-operative ulceration, including that due to NSAIDs. Prevention of NSAID induced duodenal ulcers and gastric ulcer. Duodenal ulcers associated with H. pylori. Oesophageal reflux, reduction of gastric acid, chronic episodic dyspepsia. Moderate to severe oesophagitis. Long-term treatment of healed GERD.
Dosage
Adults: ORAL: Duodenal and gastric ulcer: 150 mg twice daily or 300 mg at bedtime for four wk or 300 mg twice daily; maintenance, 150 mg at bedtime. DU with H. pylori: 300 mg at bedtime for 4 wk plus amoxicillin 750 mg three times daily and metronidazole 500 mg three times daily for 2 wk. NSAID-induced gastric ulcer: 150 mg twice daily at night for up to 8 wk, or 300 mg once daily at night for up to 8 wk. NSAID-induced duodenal ulcer: 300 mg twice daily for 4 wk. Reflux oesophagitis: 150 mg twice daily or 300 mg at bedtime for up to 12 wk. If moderate to severe, 150 mg four times daily for up to 12 wk. Erosive oesophagitis: Treatment, 150 mg four times daily, maintenance 150 mg twice daily. Moderate to severe oesophagitis: 600 mg daily in two to four divided doses for up to 12 wk. Prevention of heartburn: 75 mg 30-60 minutes before eating food or drinking beverages which caused…
Administration
IM: No dilution is needed. IV: Intermittent bolus: Dilute vials to 2.5 mg/ mL; infuse at 4 mL/min (5 min). Intermittent infusion: Dilute vials to 0.5 mg/ mL; infuse at 5-7 mL/min (15-20 min). Continuous IV infusion: Administer at 6.25 mg/hr and titrate dosage based on gastric pH by continuous infusion over 24 hours. Solutions are stable for 48 hours at room temperature. Vials can be mixed with NS or D5W. Compatibility: Stable in D5 ½ NS, D5W, D10W, fat emulsion 10%, LR, NS, sodium bicarbonate 5%. Y-site administration: Drug to Drug IV Compatibility: Acyclovir, amiodarone, aztreonam, cephazolin, cefepime, ciprofloxacin, cisatracurium, digoxin, diltiazem, dobutamine, dopamine, enalapril, epinephrine, esmolol, fentanyl, fluconazole, furosemide, gentamicin, heparin, labetalol, linezolid, lorazepam, meropenem, methylprednisolone, metoclopramide, midazolam, milrinone, morphine, nitroglycerin,…
Adverse Effects
Headache, dizziness, changes in liver function. Rarely hepatitis, thrombocytopenia, leucopenia, agranulocytosis, pancytopenia, hypersensitivity, confusion, breast symptoms in men, reversible impotence, rash, bradycardia, pancreatitis.
Risk Factor (Pregnancy/Lactation)
Pregnancy: No evidence of risk in humans. Lactation: Caution advised or effect undetermined. Precautions: Exclude malignant disease before treatment. Impaired renal function, acute porphyria.
Interactions
CYP1A2, 2D6, cyclosporin, gentamicin, glipizide, glyburide, midazolam, metoprolol, pentoxyfylline, phenytoin, quinidine, triazolam, warfarin, ketoconazole, itraconazole, procainamide, ferrous sulphate, non-depolarizing muscle relaxants, cefpodoxime, vitamin B12, diazepam, oxaprozin, atropine, atazanavir, sucralfate.
Advice to Patient
Take 30 to 60 minutes before meals. Do not chew or crush tablet. Swallow whole. Dissolve 150 mg effervescent tablet or granules in 6-8 ounce water or 25 mg effervescent tablet in at least 1 teaspoon water. Let the tablet completely dissolve before taking. If there is need, antacids may be taken 2 hours before or after taking ranitidine. Contact prescriber if there is frequent chest pain or wheezing with heartburn, stomachache, unexplained weight loss, nausea, vomiting, heartburn lasting more than 3 months, heartburn with light-headedness, dizziness, or sweating, chest or shoulder pain with shortness of breath, sweating, light-headedness or pain spreading to arms, neck or shoulders, yellowing of skin or eyes, change in colour of urine or stool. Avoid alcohol during therapy.
Pharmacokinetics
Onset: Oral: 1 hr. Duration: Oral: 13 hr. Absorption: Oral: Rapid (50% absorbed). Concurrent administration of antacids reduce absorption. Metabolism: Hepatic. Bioavailability: Oral: 50%. Half-life elimination: 2-3 hrs. Time to peak, plasma: Oral: 2-3 hrs. IM: 15 mins. Excretion: Urine (major). Faeces (minor).
Brands with this active ingredient
Compiled by Healify Pharmacy from published drug references. How we compile it →
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