Phytomenadione

Antihaemorrhagic/Antihemophilic · Vitamin K

Indications

Antidote to coumarin anticoagulants in the treatment of haemorrhage associated with hypoprothrombinaemia. Haemorrhagic disease of the newborn. Hypoprothrombinaemia. Vitamin K deficiency.

Dosage

Adults: Hypoprothrombinaemia due to drugs (other than coumarin derivatives) or factors limiting absorption or synthesis: Oral/SC/IM/IV: Initially, 2.5-25 mg, rarely up to 50 mg. Children: Neonatal prophylaxis of vitamin-K deficiency bleeding: 1 mg by single IM injection at birth. For preterm neonates: 400 micrograms/kg (max 1 mg), may be given by IV if IM not possible; since IV administration may not provide the prolonged protection of the IM injection, subsequently vitamin K should be given by oral doses. For healthy babies who are not at particular risk of bleeding disorders: Orally two doses of a colloidal (mixed micelle) preparation of phytomenadione 2 mg should be given in the first wk, the first dose being given at birth and the sec at 4-7 days. For exclusively breast-fed babies, a third dose of phytomenadione 2 mg is given at 1 mth of age; the third dose is omitted in formula-fed…

Administration

Whenever possible, give by the SC route. When IV administration is considered unavoidable, inject the drug very slowly, not exceeding 1 mg/min. Reconstitution: Dilute in NS, D5W or D5NS. All these diluents should be preservative free. Do not use other diluents. Stability: Store at 15°C-30°C (59°F-86°F). Protect from light. Store ampoules in tray until time of use.

Adverse Effects

Anaphylactoid reactions may occur with inj. Flushes, sweating, cyanosis.

Risk Factor (Pregnancy/Lactation)

Pregnancy: Risk cannot be ruled out. Lactation: Caution advised or effect undetermined. Precautions: Elderly. Ineffective in hereditary hypoprothrombinaemia, hypoprothrombinaemia caused by severe liver disease; severe haemolytic anaemia has been reported rarely in neonates following large doses.

Interactions

Warfarin.

Advice to Patient

Take oral form as advised by the prescriber. Contact prescriber if there is bleeding in gums; blood in urine, stool or vomitus; unusual bruising or bleeding or abdominal cramping. Do not take any new medication during therapy especially aspirin, aspirin containing products and NSAIDs unless approved by prescriber.

Pharmacokinetics

Onset of action: Increased coagulation factors: Oral: 6-10 hrs. IV: 1-2 hrs. Peak effect: INR values return to normal: Oral: 24-48 hrs. IV: 12-14 hrs. Absorption: Oral: From intestines in presence of biles. SC: Variable. IM: Readily. Metabolism: Rapidly hepatic. Excretion: Urine and faeces.

Compiled by Healify Pharmacy from published drug references. How we compile it →

Always consult a pharmacist or doctor.