Flucloxacillin
Broad-spectrum Penicillin · Broad-spectrum penicillin
Indications
Respiratory, ENT, UT and soft tissue infections. Gonorrhoea. Dental abscess (adjunct to surgical management). Prophylaxis of bacterial endocarditis. Severe or recurrent acute otitis media and prophylaxis of endocarditis.
Dosage
ORAL: Adults: 250-500 mg every 6 hr, half to one hr before meals. Children: < 2 yr: Quarter adult dose; 2-10 yr: Half adult dose. All half to one hr before meals. INJECTION: Adults: IM: 250-500 mg every 6 hr. IV: By slow IV Inj or IV Infusion 0.25-2 gm every 6 hr. Children: < 2 yr: Quarter adult dose; 2-10 yr: Half adult dose. Endocarditis: Adults: (in combination with other antibiotic): < 85 kg body weight: 8 gm/day in 4 divided doses. > 85 kg body weight: 12 gm/day in 6 divided doses. Osteomyelitis: Adults: Up to 8 gm/day in 3-4 divided doses. Surgical prophylaxis: By slow IV inj or IV infusion. Adults: 1-2 gm up to 30 min before procedure, up to 4 further doses of 500 mg may be given orally every 6 hr or by IM inj or IV inj or infusion.
Administration
Intermittent in glucose 5% or sodium chloride 0.9%. Suggested volume 100 mL given over 30-60 min, Via drip tubing in glucose 5% or sodium chloride 0.9% or ringer's solution or compound sodium lactate. Continuous infusion not usually recommended.
Adverse Effects
Hypersensitivity reactions. GI upset, hepatic reactions. Rarely pseudomembranous colitis, erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis.
Risk Factor (Pregnancy/Lactation)
Pregnancy: Risk cannot be ruled out. Lactation: Caution advised or effect undetermined. Contraindications: History of flucloxacillin associated jaundice/hepatic dysfunction. Hypersensitivity to penicillins, cephalosporins or other beta-Iactams. Precautions: Hepatic dysfunction, severe renal impairment (CrCl<10 mL/min). Monitor renal and hepatic function during prolonged treatment. Age <50 years, serious underlying disease. Risk of acute generalised exanthematous pustulosis; discontinue therapy if occurs and do not restart.
Interactions
Probenecid, other renal tubular secreted drugs, oral typhoid vaccine, methotrexate, sugammadex, warfarin, paracetamol.
Advice to Patient
Take one hour before meals. Do not chew or open capsules. Swallow whole with a glass of water. Contact prescriber if there is any allergic reaction (rash, hives, itching, swelling on face/lips/tongue/throat, difficulty in breathing), redness and itching in mouth or vagina. Complete full course of therapy even if you feel better before completion of course. Keep all doctors and lab appointments.
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption: Absorbed rapidly from the GI tract. Absorption is reduced by the food in the stomach. Metabolism: Hepatic. Bioavailability: Oral: 50%-70%. Half-life elimination: 1 hr. Prolonged in neonates. Time to peak, plasma: Oral: 1 hr. IM inj: 30 mins. Excretion: Urine (mainly). Faeces (small amounts of dose).
Brands with this active ingredient
Compiled by Healify Pharmacy from published drug references. How we compile it →
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