Doxycycline
Tetracycline · Tetracycline
Indications
Respiratory, skin and soft tissue. Urinary tract infection.
Dosage
Lower Respiratory Infection: Adults: 100 mg every 12 hr on day 1 then 100 mg once daily or 50 mg every 12 hr. Severe: 100 mg every 12 hr. Children: >8 yr old & < 100 lbs body weight: 1 mg/lb every 12 hr on day 1, then 1 mg/lb once daily or 0.5 mg/lb every 12 hr. Severe: 2 mg/lb. >100 lbs body weight: Adult dose. Inhalation Anthrax (Post-Exposure): Adults: 100 mg every 12 hr for 60 days. Children: >8 yr old & <100 lbs body weight: 1 mg/lb every 12 hr for 60 days. > 100 Ibs body weight: Adult dose. Upper Respiratory Infection: Adults: 100 mg every 12 hr on day 1, then 100 mg once daily or 50 mg every 12 hr. Severe: 100 mg every 12 hr. Children: >8 yr old & <100 Ibs body weight: 1 mg/lb every 12 hr on day 1, then 1 mg/lb once daily or 0.5 mg/lb every 12 hr. Severe: 2 mg/lb. >100 Ibs body weight: Adult dose. Urinary Tract Infection: Adults: 100 mg every 12 hr on day 1, then 100 mg once…
Administration
By slow IV infusion, usually over 1-4 hours; rapid administration should be avoided. To make concentration of 10 mg/mL add water for injection 10 mL in 100 mg vial. This solution must be further diluted to a concentration of 0.1 to 1 mg/mL with a compatible infusion solution prior to use. Infusion must be completed within 12 hours. Compatibility: Stable in Dextrose 5%, NaCl 0.9%, ringer's injection, lactated ringer's, D5LR. Stability: When diluted to 0.1 to 1 mg/mL in D5W or NaCl 0.9 %, solution is stable for 48 hours in room temperature or 72 hours when refrigerated. Protect from light.
Adverse Effects
GI upset, oesophagitis, oesophageal ulcers, allergy, rash, photosensitivity, hepatic dysfunction, blood disorders, anxiety, headache, hypertension, dry mouth, back pain. Superinfections. Benign intracranial hypertension. Reports of serious skin reactions, Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction, tooth discolouration and enamel hypoplasia.
Risk Factor (Pregnancy/Lactation)
Pregnancy: Contraindicated in pregnancy. Lactation: Contraindicated or not recommended. Precautions: Hepatic impairment, Myasthaenia gravis, avoid exposure to sunlight or UV light. Risk of superinfection. Oral candidosis.
Interactions
Antacids, mineral supplements, anticoagulants, barbiturates, rifampicin, carbamazepine, phenytoin, penicillin and beta-Iactam antibiotics, alcohol, oral contraceptives, methoxyflurane, cyclosporin, quinapril, isotretinoin, sulphonylureas, ergotamine, methotrexate, kaolin, sucralfate, typhoid vaccine.
Advice to Patient
Take with meals, with a full glass of water. Avoid taking with dairy products. Stay in an upright position for atleast 30 minutes after taking this medication. Do not take doxycycline just before bed. Contact prescriber if there is anorexia, easy bleeding or bruising, dark yellow or brown urine, pale or bloody stools, watery stools, skin itching or rash, yellowing of eyes or skin, unhealed sores of mouth, unusual cough, chills or fever, nausea, vomiting, vaginal discharge or itching, stomach discomfort. Avoid dairy products, foods high in calcium or iron, antacids containing aluminum, calcium or magnesium bismuth subsalicylate and iron containing products during therapy. Complete full prescription dosage even if you feel better. Avoid alcohol during therapy. Take sufficient amount of fluids (2-3 litres per day) to maintain hydration, unless restricted by the prescriber. Avoid direct…
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption: Oral: Almost completely absorbed from the GI tract; average peak plasma concentration may be decreased approx. 20% by high-fat meal or milk. Metabolism: Not hepatic; partially inactivated in GI tract by chelate formation. Bioavailability: Reduced at high pH; may be clinically significant in patients with gastrectomy, gastric bypass surgery or who are otherwise deemed achlorhydria. Half-life elimination: 18-22 hrs. End-stage renal disease: 18-25 hrs. Time to peak, serum: Oral: Immediate release: 1.5-4 hrs; delayed release: 2.8-3 hrs. Excretion: Faeces (30%); urine (23%-40%).
Brands with this active ingredient
Compiled by Healify Pharmacy from published drug references. How we compile it →
Always consult a pharmacist or doctor.