Dexmedetomidine

Tranquilizer, Sedative/Hypnotic · Selective alpha-2-adrenergic receptor agonist

Indications

Light to moderate sedation in intensive care.

Dosage

Adults: Initially 0.7 mcg/kg/hr by IV infusion, adjusted according to response; range 0.2-1.4 mcg/kg/hr. Children: Not recommended.

Administration

IV: Administer using a controlled infusion device. Must be diluted in 0.9% NaCl solution to achieve the required concentration prior to administration. Compatibility: Stable in D5W, LR, 0.9% NS, 20% mannitol.

Adverse Effects

Heart rate, BP or blood glucose changes, agitation, myocardial ischaemia or infarction, GI upset, hyperthermia, withdrawal reactions.

Risk Factor (Pregnancy/Lactation)

Pregnancy: Contraindicated in pregnancy. Lactation: Contraindicated or not recommended. Contraindications: Advanced heart block (unless paced), cardiovascular instability, acute cerebrovascular conditions, patients at risk of malignant hyperthermia. Precautions: Continuous cardiac and respiratory monitoring required. Bradycardia, hypotension, hypovolaemia, severe ventricular dysfunction, elderly, frail. Impaired peripheral autonomic activity, ischaemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, hepatic impairment, severe neurological disorders, neurosurgery. Reassess regularly if treatment exceeds 14 days.

Interactions

Anaesthetics, sedatives, hypnotics, opioids, CYP2B6 substrates, cardiovascular medicines.

Advice to Patient

After you become conscious, do not try to change position or rise from bed without help. Contact prescriber if there is fast or unusual heartbeat, acute dizziness, difficulty in breathing.

Pharmacokinetics

Metabolism: Hepatic. Half-life elimination: Terminal: 2 hrs. Excretion: Urine and faeces.

Compiled by Healify Pharmacy from published drug references. How we compile it →

Always consult a pharmacist or doctor.