Ciprofloxacin, Inf/Oral

Quinolone · Quinolone

Indications

Gram-negative lower respiratory tract, skin and soft tissue infections. GI, intra-abdominal bone and joint infections. UTI, chronic suppurative otitis media, sinusitis, gonococcal urethritis and cervicitis, epididymo-orchitis, pelvic Inflammatory disease, malignant external otitis. Treatment and prophylaxis of infection in neutropenic patients. Prophylaxis of invasive infections due to N. meningitis. Inhalation anthrax. Broncho-pulmonary infections in cystic fibrosis caused by P. aeruginosa in children.

Dosage

ORAL: Adults: 250-750 mg bid usually for 1-2 wk depending on severity and response. Lower RTI: Mild-Moderate: 500 mg bid x 1-2 wk. Severe: 750 mg bid or 500 mg t.i.d x 1-2 wk. Bone Infection: Mild-Moderate: 500 mg bid x 4-6 wk. Severe: 750 mg bid x 4-6 wk. Skin Infection: Mild-Moderate: 500 mg bid x 1-2 wk. Severe: 750 mg bid x 1-2 wk. UTI: Acute Uncomplicated: 100 mg or 250 mg bid x 3 days. Mild/Moderate: 250 mg bid x 1-2 wk. Severe/Complicated: 500 mg bid x 1-2 wk. Acute uncomplicated cystitis: 250-500 mg bid x 3 days. Gonorrhoea, Inhalation anthrax: 500 mg bid x 60 days after confirmed or suspected exposure. Children: Used only for established following indication and when no other safe alternative available. Acute exacerbation of cystic fibrosis: Under 5 yr, not recommended; 5-17 yr, 20 mg/kg bid x 10-14 days; max 750 mg/dose. Other severe infections 20 mg/kg bid; max 750…

Administration

IV: Administer by slow IV infusion over 60 min into a large vein to reduce the risk of venous irritation (burning, pain, erythema and swelling); final concentration for administration should not exceed 2 mg/mL. Reconstitution: Injection, vial: May be diluted with NS, D5W, SWFI, D10W, D5¼NS, D5½ NS, LR. Compatibility: Stable in D5¼NS, D5½NS, D5W, D10W, LR, NS. Y-site administration: Drug to Drug IV Compatibility: Amikacin, amiodarone, aztreonam, calcium gluconate, cisatracurium, digoxin, diltiazem, diphenhydramine, dobutamine, dopamine, fluconazole, gentamicin, hydromorphone, linezolid, lorazepam, metoclopramide, metronidazole, midazolam, milrinone, norepinephrine, ondansetron, ranitidine, tobramycin, vasopressin. Drug to Drug IV Incompatibility: Acyclovir, aminophylline, ampicillin/sulbactam, azithromycin, cefepime, dexamethasone sodium phosphate, furosemide, heparin, hydrocortisone…

Adverse Effects

Nausea, diarrhoea, rash. Hypersensitivity/skin reactions; discontinue if occur. Very rarely, tendon inflammation and rupture, pseudomembranous colitis; discontinue if tendinitis or persistent diarrhoea develops. Injection: Local reaction.

Risk Factor (Pregnancy/Lactation)

Pregnancy: Contraindicated in pregnancy. Lactation: Contraindicated or not recommended. Precautions: Risk of arthropathy in children and adolescents; evaluate risk/benefit ratio before treatment initiation. History of tendon disorder. Epilepsy, history to CNS disorder. Renal impairment. Crystalluria; patients should be well hydrated. G6PD deficiency. Risk factors for QT prolongation. Avoid prolonged exposure to UV. Driving or operating machinery. Myasthaenia gravis. Elderly.

Interactions

Phenytoin, zolpidem, lanthanum, cyclosporin, oral anticoagulants, NSAIDs, glibenclamide, tizanidine, ropinirole, other CYP1A2 substrates, opiates, probenecid, metoclopramide, corticosteroids, methotrexate, magnesium, aluminium, calcium or iron salts, sevelamer, sucralfate, duloxetine, clozapine, theophylline, and other xanthine derivatives. Drugs that inhibit peristalsis.

Advice to Patient

Take with or without meals. To prevent abdominal discomfort, take with meals. Avoid taking with dairy products or calcium-fortified juices. Take medication 2 hours before or 6 hours after antacids, iron supplements, or multivitamins that contain iron or zinc. Do not crush, chew or break extended release forms. Do not chew microcapsules, swallow oral suspension. Before using, shake bottle vigorously. Discontinue using this medication and consult prescriber if there is inflammation or tendon pain, itching, urticaria, difficulty in breathing, difficulty in swallowing, facial edema, chest pain, tingling, palpitations, loss of consciousness. Contact prescriber if there is vaginal itching, foul-smelling vaginal discharge, unusual fever or chills, tendon pain, muscle pain, easy bruising or bleeding occur. Watery or bloody stools can occur 2 or more months after therapy and can be serious,…

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption: Oral: Well-absorbed. Metabolism: Partially hepatic. Bioavailability: Oral: 50%-85%. Half-life elimination: Children: 4-5 hrs. Adults: Normal renal function: 3-5 hrs. Time to peak: Oral: Immediate release tab: 0.5-2 hrs. Excretion: Urine (30%-50%). Faeces (15%-43%).

Brands with this active ingredient

Compiled by Healify Pharmacy from published drug references. How we compile it →

Always consult a pharmacist or doctor.