Benzyl Penicillin, Procaine Penicillin G and Streptomycin

Plain, Medium & Narrow-spectrum Penicillin · Aminoglycoside/Narrow-spectrum penicillin

Indications

Broad spectrum antibiotic therapy particularly for mixed infections.

Dosage

Adults: 1 gm (calculated on the basis of streptomycin) daily. Children: Not recommended.

Adverse Effects

Anaphylaxis. Glossitis, stomatitis, gastritis, sore throat, dry mouth, furry tongue. Anaemias. Haemorrhagic manifestation. Interstitial nephritis (e.g. oliguria, hematuria). Nephrotoxicity.

Risk Factor (Pregnancy/Lactation)

Pregnancy: No evidence of risk in humans. Lactation: Caution advised or effect undetermined. Contraindications: History of previous hypersensitivity reaction to penicillins and/or cephalosporins. Do not inject parenteral solutions into or near an artery or nerve. Precautions: Streptococcal infection: Therapy must be sufficient to eliminate the organism (a minimum of ten days). Otherwise the sequela of streptococcal disease (endocarditis, rheumatic fever) may occur. Avoid small ineffective doses of penicillin as resistant organisms are more likely to emerge. Serious fatal immediate hypersensitivity (anaphylactoid) reactions have been reported.

Interactions

Concurrent administration of bacteriostatic antibiotics (e.g. erythromycin, tetracycline) may diminish the bactericidal effects of penicillins. Probenecid prolongs penicillin blood levels. Oral contraceptives may be rendered less effective & an increased incidence of breakthrough bleeding may occur when administered with ampicillin or penicillin V.

Pharmacokinetics

BENZYL PENICILLIN: Half-life elimination: Neonates: <6 days of age: 3.1 hrs. =14 days of age: 1.4 hrs. Adults: Normal renal function: 31-50 mins. End-stage renal disease (ESRD): 6-20 hrs. Time to peak, serum: IV: Immediately after infusion. Excretion: Urine. PROCAINE PENICILLIN G: Duration: Therapeutic: 15-24 hrs. Absorption: IM: Slow. Time to peak, serum: Within 1-4 hrs. Excretion: Urine. STREPTOMYCIN: Absorption: Oral: Poorly absorbed. IM: Well absorbed. Half-life elimination: Newborns: 4-10 hrs. Adults: Approx. 2-4.7 hrs; prolonged with renal impairment. Time to peak: IM: Within 1-2 hrs. Excretion: Urine (29%-89%). Small amount (1%) excreted in bile, saliva, sweat and tears.

Compiled by Healify Pharmacy from published drug references. How we compile it →

Always consult a pharmacist or doctor.