Amiloride and Hydrochlorothiazide
Diuretic · Potassium sparing diuretic/Thiazide diuretic
Indications
Hypertension, congestive heart failure, hepatic cirrhosis with ascites and oedema.
Dosage
Hypertension: Adults: Initially 2.5/25 mg daily, increased if required up to 5/50 mg daily. Children: Not recommended. Congestive heart failure: Adults: Initially 2.5/25 mg daily, increased if required up to 10/100 mg daily. Decrease dose for maintenance if possible. Children: Not recommended. Oedema and ascites in cirrhosis of the liver: Adults: Initially 5/50 mg daily, increased if required up to 10/100 mg daily. Decrease dose for maintenance if possible. Children: Not recommended.
Adverse Effects
Rash, photo sensitivity, blood dyscrasias, gout, hyperkalaemia, GI upset, anorexia.
Risk Factor (Pregnancy/Lactation)
Pregnancy: Contraindicated in pregnancy. Lactation: Contraindicated or not recommended. Contraindications: Hyperkalaemia, anuria, severe renal impairment, Addison's disease, diabetic nephropathy. Precautions: Diabetes. Acidosis. Gout. Renal or hepatic impairment. Monitor urea and electrolyte. Elderly.
Interactions
K+ supplement; K+ sparing diuretics, digitalis, lithium, antihypertensives, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II antagonist, cyclosporin, tacrolimus, NSAIDs, other drugs with hypotensive effect, TCADs, MAOIs, St John's wort, carbamazepine, antipsychotics, corticosteroids, atomoxetine, oestrogen, drospirenone, alcohol.
Advice to Patient
Take with meals. Take atleast 4 hours before bedtime. Contact prescriber if there is change in vision; pain in eye; muscle pain or weakness; slow, fast or irregular heartbeat; drowsiness; restlessness; light-headedness; less urination; dry mouth; increased thirst; nausea; vomiting; difficulty in breathing; upper abdominal pain; loss of appetite; dark urine; yellowing of the skin or eyes, unresolved nausea or vomiting; palpitations; or respiratory difficulty. Do not increase dietary intake of potassium unless instructed by prescriber (too much potassium can be harmful as too little). Limit alcohol intake during therapy. Avoid driving, operating machinery and doing tasks that require alertness. Change position slowly from sitting or lying to standing. Use sunscreen, wear protective clothes and sunglasses to prevent sunlight sensitivity.
Pharmacokinetics
AMILORIDE: Onset: 2 hrs. Duration: 24 hrs. Absorption: 50% absorbed from GI tract. Metabolism: Insignificant. Half-life elimination: 6-9 hrs. Time to peak: 6-10 hrs. Excretion: Urine (mainly). HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE: Onset of action: Diuresis: Infants: 2-6 hrs. Adults: Approx. 2 hrs. Peak effect: 4-6 hrs. Duration: Infants: 8 hrs. Adults: 6-12 hrs. Absorption: Well absorbed, absorption is decreased in patients with CHF. Metabolism: Not metabolized. Bioavailability: 65%-75%. Half-life elimination: Approx. 6-15 hrs. Time to peak: Approx. 1-5 hrs. Excretion: Urine.
Brands with this active ingredient
Compiled by Healify Pharmacy from published drug references. How we compile it →
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