Adrenaline, Inj

Other Cardiovascular Preps · Beta-2 agonist

Indications

Treatment of bronchospasm, anaphylactic reactions, cardiac arrest and management of open-angle (chronic simple) glaucoma.

Dosage

Adults: Asystole/pulseless arrest, pulseless ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation: IV or IO: 1 mg every 3-5 minutes until return of spontaneous circulation; if this approach fails, higher doses of epinephrine (up to 0.2 mg/kg) have been used for treatment of specific problems (e.g. beta-blocker or calcium channel blocker overdose). Endotracheal: 2-2.5 mg every 3-5 minutes until IV/IO access established or return of spontaneous circulation; dilute in 5-10 mL NS or sterile water. Bradycardia (symptomatic; unresponsive to atropine or pacing): IV infusion: 2-10 mcg/minute or 0.1-0.5 mcg/kg/minute (7-35 mcg/minute in a 70 kg patient); titrate to desired effect. Bronchodilator: SC: 0.3-0.5 mg (1:1000 [1 mg/mL] solution) every 20 minutes for 3 doses. Hypersensitivity reaction: SC administration results in slower absorption and is less reliable. IM administration in the…

Administration

Central administration only; IV infusions require an infusion pump. Endotracheal: Doses (2-2.5 times the IV dose) should be diluted to 10 mL with NS or distilled water. IM: Intramuscularly into anterolateral aspect of thigh. SC: Use only 1:1000 solution. Continuous IV Infusion: Rate of infusion (mL/hr) = dose (mcg/kg/min) x weight (kg) x 60 min/hr divided by the concentration (mcg/min). Max concentration: 64 mcg/ min. Direct IV or Intraosseous: Dilute to a max Concentration of 100 mcg/ mL (if using 1:10000 concentration, no dilution is necessary). Compatibility: Stable in dextran 6% in dextrose, dextran 6% in NS, D5LR, D5 1/4NS, D5 1/2NS, D5 NS, D5W, D10W, D10 NS, LR, NS. Incompatible with sodium bicarbonate 5%, alkalies or oxidizing agents including bromine, chlorine, chromates, iodine, metal salts (as from iron), nitrites, oxygen and permanganates. Y-site administration: Drug to Drug…

Adverse Effects

Anxiety, tremor, tachycardia, headache, cold extremities, arrhythmias, cerebral haemorrhage, pulmonary oedema, nausea, vomiting, sweating, weakness, dizziness and hyperglycaemia.

Risk Factor (Pregnancy/Lactation)

Pregnancy: Risk cannot be ruled out. Lactation: Caution advised or effect undetermined. Contraindications: Cardiac arrhythmias, angle-closure glaucoma. Precautions: Diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease (angina, tachycardia, Ml), thyroid disease, or cerebral arteriosclerosis.

Interactions

Halogenated inhalational anaesthetics; alpha and beta-blocking agents, phenothiazines, tricyclic antidepressants.

Advice to Patient

Take last dose before bedtime to avoid insomnia. Contact prescriber if there is severe headache, excessive nervousness, excitation, inability to sleep, facial flushing, irregular or rapid heartbeat, muscle weakness, blurred vision, muscle tremors, chest pain, palpitations, bronchial irritation, cough or increased sweating. Avoid OTC medications, stimulants during therapy. Empty bladder before taking medication because there may be difficulty in urination after taking this medication.

Pharmacokinetics

Onset of action: Bronchodilation: SC: Approx. 5-10 min. Absorption: Orally ingested doses are rapidly metabolized in GI tract and liver. Metabolism: Hepatic. Half-life elimination: IV: <5 min. Excretion: Urine.

Brands with this active ingredient

Compiled by Healify Pharmacy from published drug references. How we compile it →

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